Engine oil acts as a lubricant for all engine components. Without it, it would be impossible to safely start the car at low and high temperatures. It must have a suitable viscosity so that the oil film formed on the engine parts is of sufficient thickness.
Purpose of engine oil:
- Reduced friction in the drive unit.
- Cooling of components.
- Sealing the space between the piston, rings and cylinder liner.
- Corrosion protection.
- Vibration reduction.
Classification of motor oils:
Mineral oils
Theoretically, they are designed for older generation cars. Engine oil has been used for years in various types of vehicles and its main advantage is that it does not put unnecessary stress on engine seals. However, the disadvantage is that their efficiency and viscosity decrease in a relatively short time due to fresh oil being poured into the engine.
Synthetic oils
They guarantee the best lubrication and are the most expensive. When choosing an oil, you should pay attention to the additives included in them. Detergents keep the engine clean and also neutralize harmful acids. Friction modifiers affect smaller forces between individual moving parts.
It also improves fuel efficiency. Antioxidants retain the properties of the oil longer, which is especially important in long-term storage products. On the other hand, dispersing agents are designed to get rid of harmful soot and sludge.
Semi-synthetic oils
This is a rational compromise between a synthetic and a mineral product. Semi-synthetic oil usually consists of a mineral base, which is 70% liquid and 30% synthetic additive. Semi-synthetic oils are best for older vehicles with low lubrication requirements. They are resistant to rapid aging and do not stress the engine seals, which is their advantage.
Oils from the world's best manufacturers are very popular, such as:
- Castrol and ELF;
- GM and Mobil 1;
- shell.
Engine oil for the winter
In winter, it would be most reasonable to use synthetic oil with a low viscosity, that is, marked 0W or 5W. Of course, before using it, it is worth checking whether the car manufacturer allows the use of this type of oil. Oil with a low viscosity grade is thinner, so it will start the engine much faster at low temperatures.